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Steps
Lab Notebook
Follow the steps to observe filtration...
Aim: To separate an insoluble solid from a liquid using filter paper.
Principle: Filter paper has tiny pores that allow liquids (filtrate) to pass through while retaining insoluble solids (residue).
Apparatus: Filter funnel, filter paper, conical flask, beaker, stand, sand-water mixture.
Key Terms: Residue = solid left on filter paper. Filtrate = liquid that passes through.
• Handle the glass funnel, stirring rod and conical flask carefully — glass can chip and cut.
• Pour down a glass rod to guide the liquid and avoid splashing; do not fill above the top of the filter paper.
• Mud/soil samples may carry irritants or microbes — wash hands after and avoid touching your face.
• Chalk (and other fine powder) dust is an irritant — avoid inhaling.
• Wear goggles and clamp the funnel securely in the stand.
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