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Results Table
| Reaction | ΔT | Type |
|---|---|---|
| No data yet | ||
Aim: To measure temperature changes and classify reactions as exothermic or endothermic.
Exothermic: energy is released to the surroundings, so the temperature rises (ΔT positive; ΔH negative).
Endothermic: energy is absorbed from the surroundings, so the temperature falls (ΔT negative; ΔH positive).
Overall energy change = energy to break bonds (in) − energy released making bonds (out).
• Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide are corrosive — wear goggles and avoid skin contact.
• Dissolving NaOH is strongly exothermic — add the solid to water (never water to solid), stir gently, and beware the hot solution.
• Burning magnesium gives an intense UV-rich flame — never look at it directly and keep it away from flammables.
• Ammonium nitrate and citric acid are irritants — avoid contact and wash hands afterwards.
• Use a lid on the polystyrene cup to reduce heat loss and splashing; read the thermometer at eye level.
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| Reaction | ΔT | Type |
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| No data yet | ||