📖 Electrolysis Products
ElectrolyteElectrodesAnode (+) ProductCathode (-) Product
Molten Lead BromideGraphiteBromine gas (Br₂) - Reddish brownLead metal (Pb) - Silvery grey
Acidulated WaterPlatinumOxygen gas (O₂) - ColorlessHydrogen gas (H₂) - Colorless (2x vol)
Aq. Copper SulphateCopperAnode dissolves (Cu → Cu²⁺)Copper deposited (Reddish brown)

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Predict before you switch on

Cations move to the cathode (–) and are reduced; anions move to the anode (+) and are oxidised. What forms at each electrode?

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⚠️ Safety

  • Molten lead bromide needs strong heating — lead compounds are toxic and the melt is very hot; use tongs and a heat-resistant mat, and avoid skin contact.
  • Bromine vapour (Br₂) at the anode is toxic and corrosive — work in a fume cupboard and do not inhale.
  • Acidulated water uses dilute H₂SO₄ (corrosive) and evolves H₂ + O₂, a mixture that is explosive near a flame — keep flames away.
  • Copper sulphate solution is harmful/irritant — wash hands after use; avoid contact with eyes.
  • Electrical safety: use low-voltage DC, keep connections dry, and switch off before changing electrodes.
- + Cathode (-) Anode (+)
Cathode Reaction ---
Anode Reaction ---
Observations
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