📚 Learning Objectives (NCERT Aligned) ▼
- Differentiate between true solution, colloidal solution, and suspension.
- Observe properties: Transparency, Filtration, and Stability.
- Observe and record the Tyndall effect (scattering of light).
📖 Theory & Concepts ▼
1. Classification of Mixtures
| Property | True Solution | Colloid | Suspension |
|---|---|---|---|
| Particle Size | < 1 nm (Tiny) | 1 - 1000 nm | > 1000 nm (Large) |
| Appearance | Transparent | Translucent | Opaque |
| Stability | Stable | Stable | Unstable (Settles) |
| Tyndall Effect | No | Yes | No / Variable |
| Filtration | Passes through | Passes through | Residue left |
2. Key Concepts
- Tyndall Effect The scattering of a beam of light by a medium containing small suspended particles (e.g., smoke, milk). The path of light becomes visible.
- Stability A mixture is "stable" if the particles do not settle down when left undisturbed for some time. True solutions and colloids are stable; suspensions are not.
Did you know?
Colloidal particles are in a state of continuous zig-zag motion called Brownian
Motion, which prevents them from settling down.
⚠️ Safety First ▼
- Never taste or drink any sample — treat every lab material as a chemical, even familiar ones like salt or milk.
- Glass beaker & stirring rod — handle carefully; a cracked beaker can cut. Stir gently so it does not tip or chip.
- Torch / light source — for the Tyndall test, shine the beam through the beaker, never into anyone's eyes.
- Chalk powder is a fine dust — avoid raising or inhaling it, and wipe up spills so the floor does not become slippery.
- Wash your hands after handling the samples and clean the apparatus when finished.
- Wear safety goggles while stirring and pouring.
1
Prepare
2
Process
3
Analyze
1 Select Solute
2 Perform Actions
Analysis Tools
Status: Ready
Select a solute to begin
250ml Beaker
3 Observations
Confidence
Stability (Settling)
-
Transparency
-
Tyndall Effect
-
FILTRATION RESULT
Perform test...