πŸ“– Theory & Concepts β–Ό

Paper Chromatography

A separation technique based on differential adsorption of components on paper (stationary phase) and movement with solvent (mobile phase).

Principle:

Components separate based on their relative affinity for the stationary phase (paper) vs mobile phase (solvent). More soluble = travels farther.

Rf Value (Retention Factor)

Rf = Distance moved by solute / Distance moved by solvent
Each compound has unique Rf under same conditions
Leaf Pigments (in order of Rf):

Carotene (orange) > Xanthophyll (yellow) > Chlorophyll a (blue-green) > Chlorophyll b (yellow-green)

Select Sample

Solvent:
Petroleum ether : Acetone (9:1)

Chromatography Chamber

baseline

πŸ“Š Rf Values

Rf = Distance of spot / Distance of solvent front
Run chromatography to see results
Principle:
Components separate based on differential adsorption and partition between stationary (paper) and mobile (solvent) phases.

Predict Before You Run

Select a sample above, then predict what the chromatogram will show. The run stays locked until you commit a prediction.

Select a sample to enable prediction.

Lab Journal β€” Observation vs Interpretation

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⚠️ Safety β€” Paper Chromatography